Veiledningsguide til bindeord – TOEIC®-forberedelse

Logiske konnektorer, også kjent som « linking words » eller « connectors », har som funksjon å skape koblinger mellom ideer og sikre tekstuell og muntlig sammenheng. Denne guiden presenterer de viktigste kategoriene av konnektorer, klassifisert etter deres kommunikative funksjon.

1. Konnektorer for tillegg og oppramsing

Disse begrepene brukes til å introdusere et ekstra element, videreføre et resonnement eller organisere argumenter i henhold til en logisk eller hierarkisk progresjon.

Konjunksjon	Oversettelse	Kontekstuell eksempel
and	et	She enjoys cooking and experimenting with new recipes.
also	également	He manages the team; he also trains new employees.
as well	aussi / également	They offer online courses as well as in-person workshops.
in addition	de plus / en outre	The hotel has a pool. In addition, it provides a fitness center.
moreover	qui plus est	The product is expensive. Moreover, it requires constant maintenance.
furthermore	en outre	We're behind schedule. Furthermore, the budget is insufficient.
besides	en outre / au demeurant	I'm not interested in that job. Besides, the salary is too low.
first / firstly	premièrement	First, we'll review the project objectives.
second / secondly	deuxièmement	Second, let's discuss the implementation strategy.
third / thirdly	troisièmement	Third, we must evaluate potential risks.
next	ensuite / puis	Next, we'll allocate tasks to each team member.
then	ensuite / après	Then, we can proceed to the testing phase.
finally	finalement / enfin	Finally, we'll present our findings to management.
lastly	pour finir	Lastly, I'd like to thank all participants.
last but not least	enfin et surtout	Last but not least, we need to consider customer feedback.

Viktige poenger

Koblingsord	Oversettelse	Kontekstuelt eksempel
because	parce que	We postponed the trip because the forecast predicted storms.
since	puisque / vu que	Since everyone has arrived, we can begin the presentation.
as	comme / étant donné que	As the deadline is approaching, we must accelerate production.
due to	en raison de	The delay was due to technical difficulties.
owing to	du fait de	Owing to unforeseen circumstances, the event has been rescheduled.

Konjunksjon	Oversettelse	Kontekstuell eksempel
so	donc / alors	The store was closed, so we went to another one.
therefore	par conséquent / donc	She demonstrated excellent skills; therefore, she received a promotion.
thus	ainsi / de ce fait	Costs have decreased; thus, profits have improved.
as a result	en conséquence	Demand surged. As a result, production capacity doubled.
consequently	par conséquent	The budget was cut. Consequently, several projects were abandoned.
hence	d'où / ainsi	He possessed unique expertise; hence, his recruitment by the firm.

Bindeord	Oversettelse	Kontekstuelt eksempel
if	si	If you need assistance, don't hesitate to contact us.
unless	à moins que / sauf si	The meeting won't happen unless the director approves it.
provided (that)	à condition que	You may borrow my laptop provided (that) you handle it carefully.
providing (that)	pourvu que	We'll reach our targets providing (that) everyone contributes.
as long as	tant que / du moment que	You can use the facilities as long as you follow the rules.
on condition that	à condition que	They'll invest on condition that we present solid guarantees.
in case	au cas où / si jamais	Bring extra batteries in case your phone dies.

Bindeord	Oversettelse	Kontekstuelt eksempel
but	mais	The solution seems simple, but implementation is complex.
however	cependant / toutefois	The weather was poor; however, attendance remained high.
yet	pourtant / néanmoins	The instructions appeared clear, yet many made mistakes.
nevertheless	néanmoins / malgré tout	Funding was limited; nevertheless, the project succeeded.
nonetheless	néanmoins	Reviews were mixed; nonetheless, sales exceeded expectations.
still	cependant / toutefois	He acknowledged his error; still, he refused to apologize.
whereas	alors que / tandis que	She thrives in teamwork, whereas he prefers working independently.
while	tandis que	While some favor innovation, others prioritize stability.
on the other hand	en revanche / d'autre part	Remote work offers flexibility; on the other hand, it can feel isolating.

Konjunksjon	Oversettelse	Kontekstuell eksempel
although	bien que / quoique	Although resources were scarce, they completed the mission.
even though	même si	She maintained her composure even though the situation was stressful.
though	bien que	Though preparation was rushed, the presentation went smoothly.
despite	malgré	Despite technical issues, the conference was a success.
in spite of	en dépit de	In spite of limited experience, he demonstrated remarkable skill.
even if	même si	We'll proceed even if obstacles arise.

Koblingsord	Oversettelse	Kontekstuelt eksempel
to	for / in order to	She studies diligently to secure a scholarship.
in order to	for / in order to	They arrived early in order to secure good seats.
so as to	in order to	We documented everything so as to ensure transparency.
so that	so that	Speak clearly so that everyone can follow your explanation.
in order that	so that	We scheduled multiple sessions in order that all staff could attend.

Bindeord	Oversettelse	Eksempel i kontekst
for example	par exemple	Certain industries, for example, healthcare, are experiencing rapid growth.
for instance	par exemple	Many platforms, for instance, LinkedIn, facilitate professional networking.
such as	tel que / comme	He enjoys creative hobbies such as photography and painting.
like	comme	She appreciates classic authors like Austen and Dickens.
e.g. (exempli gratia)	par exemple (abrév.)	Consider citrus fruits (e.g., lemons, grapefruits, limes).
specifically	spécifiquement / notamment	The program targets vulnerable populations, specifically elderly individuals.
to illustrate	pour illustrer	To illustrate, examine this case study from 2023.

Bindeord	Oversettelse	Kontekstuell eksempel
in conclusion	en conclusion	In conclusion, both approaches present distinct advantages.
to sum up	pour résumer	To sum up, we require additional funding to proceed.
in summary	en résumé	In summary, the initiative has exceeded initial expectations.
all in all	tout compte fait	All in all, the collaboration proved highly productive.
overall	globalement / dans l'ensemble	Overall, customer satisfaction has improved significantly.
to conclude	pour conclure	To conclude, let's establish clear action items.
briefly	brièvement	Briefly, performance indicators show positive trends.
in short	en bref / bref	In short, we need a more agile approach.