دليل الأفعال غير المنتظمة – التحضير لاختبار TOEIC®

مقدمة

يقدم هذا الدليل سجلًا شاملاً للأفعال غير المنتظمة في اللغة الإنجليزية، مصحوبًا بتقدير (إرشادي وغير رسمي، تم وضعه بناءً على خبرتنا الميدانية) لمعدل تكرار ظهور كل فعل في اختبار TOEIC®.

الفكرة هي تمكينك من تحديد الأفعال غير المنتظمة التي تظهر بشكل متكرر في أسئلة الاختبار بسرعة، وذلك لتحسين وقت مراجعتك.

يمثل هذا المورد قاعدة مفردات ضرورية للتعامل مع اختبار TOEIC® بهدوء وراحة: إتقان هذه الصيغ الفعلية سيمنحك أفضلية كبيرة في الفهم المكتوب والمسموع، خاصة في الأجزاء 5 و 6 و 7.

قائمة الأفعال غير المنتظمة لاختبار TOEIC®

الفعل الأساسي	الماضي البسيط (Prétérit)	اسم المفعول (Participe passé)	الترجمة الفرنسية	احتمالية الظهور في اختبار TOEIC®
abide	abode	abode	se conformer à / respecter	10%
arise	arose	arisen	apparaître / se présenter	20%
awake	awoke	awoken	éveiller / se réveiller	15%
be	was/were	been	être	95%
bear	bore	borne	supporter / endurer	25%
beat	beat	beaten	frapper / battre	30%
become	became	become	devenir	95%
begin	began	begun	débuter / commencer	80%
bend	bent	bent	courber / fléchir	25%
bet	bet	bet	miser / parier	20%
bid	bid	bid	enchérir / proposer un prix	15%
bind	bound	bound	lier / contraindre	20%
bite	bit	bitten	mordre	15%
bleed	bled	bled	saigner / perdre du sang	10%
blow	blew	blown	souffler / exploser	25%
break	broke	broken	briser / rompre	80%
breed	bred	bred	reproduire / élever (animaux)	15%
bring	brought	brought	amener / apporter	95%
build	built	built	bâtir / édifier	80%
burn	burnt	burnt	brûler / consumer	20%
burst	burst	burst	exploser / éclater	15%
buy	bought	bought	acheter / acquérir	95%
cast	cast	cast	jeter / distribuer (rôles)	20%
catch	caught	caught	attraper / saisir	80%
choose	chose	chosen	sélectionner / choisir	50%
cling	clung	clung	s'agripper / se cramponner	15%
come	came	come	venir / arriver	95%
cost	cost	cost	coûter / valoir	80%
creep	crept	crept	ramper / se glisser	15%
cut	cut	cut	couper / trancher	80%
deal	dealt	dealt	distribuer / traiter	25%
dig	dug	dug	creuser / fouiller	20%
do	did	done	faire / accomplir	95%
draw	drew	drawn	dessiner / tirer	50%
dream	dreamt/dreamed	dreamt/dreamed	rêver / imaginer	20%
drink	drank	drunk	boire / consommer	50%
drive	drove	driven	conduire / piloter	50%
dwell	dwelt/dwelled	dwelt/dwelled	résider / habiter	10%
eat	ate	eaten	manger / se nourrir	80%
fall	fell	fallen	tomber / chuter	50%
feed	fed	fed	nourrir / alimenter	30%
feel	felt	felt	ressentir / éprouver	80%
fight	fought	fought	combattre / se battre	30%
find	found	found	trouver / découvrir	95%
flee	fled	fled	fuir / s'échapper	15%
fling	flung	flung	jeter / lancer violemment	10%
fly	flew	flown	voler / s'envoler	30%
forbid	forbade	forbidden	interdire / prohiber	20%
forecast	forecast	forecast	prédire / anticiper	20%
foresee	foresaw	foreseen	prévoir / anticiper	15%
foretell	foretold	foretold	prédire / annoncer	10%
forget	forgot	forgotten	oublier / omettre	50%
forgive	forgave	forgiven	pardonner / excuser	25%
forsake	forsook	forsaken	abandonner / délaisser	15%
freeze	froze	frozen	geler / congeler	30%
get	got	got	obtenir / recevoir	95%
give	gave	given	donner / offrir	95%
go	went	gone	aller / partir	95%
grind	ground	ground	moudre / broyer	15%
grow	grew	grown	grandir / croître	50%
hang	hung	hung	suspendre / accrocher	25%
have	had	had	avoir / posséder	95%
hear	heard	heard	entendre / écouter	80%
hide	hid	hidden	cacher / dissimuler	30%
hit	hit	hit	frapper / heurter	50%
hold	held	held	tenir / maintenir	80%
hurt	hurt	hurt	blesser / faire mal	50%
keep	kept	kept	garder / conserver	80%
kneel	knelt/kneeled	knelt/kneeled	s'agenouiller / se mettre à genoux	10%
knit	knit	knit	tricoter / tisser	10%
know	knew	known	savoir / connaître	95%
lay	laid	laid	poser / déposer	30%
lead	led	led	diriger / mener	50%
lean	leaned/leant	leaned/leant	s'appuyer / se pencher	15%
leap	leaped/leapt	leaped/leapt	bondir / sauter	20%
learn	learnt	learnt	apprendre / étudier	50%
leave	left	left	partir / quitter	80%
lend	lent	lent	prêter / avancer	30%
let	let	let	laisser / permettre	80%
lie	lay	lain	être allongé / reposer	30%
light	lit	lit	allumer / éclairer	25%
lose	lost	lost	perdre / égarer	80%
make	made	made	fabriquer / créer	95%
mean	meant	meant	signifier / vouloir dire	80%
meet	met	met	rencontrer / retrouver	80%
mow	mowed	mown	tondre (pelouse)	10%
overcome	overcame	overcome	surmonter / vaincre	30%
partake	partook	partaken	participer à / prendre part	10%
pay	paid	paid	payer / régler	95%
put	put	put	placer / mettre	95%
quit	quit	quit	quitter / arrêter	20%
read	read	read	lire / consulter	80%
rid	rid	rid	débarrasser / libérer	15%
ride	rode	ridden	chevaucher / faire du vélo	50%
ring	rang	rung	sonner / téléphoner	25%
rise	rose	risen	se lever / monter	30%
run	ran	run	courir / gérer	95%
saw	sawed	sawn	scier / découper	15%
say	said	said	dire / affirmer	95%
see	saw	seen	voir / observer	95%
seek	sought	sought	chercher / rechercher	30%
sell	sold	sold	vendre / commercialiser	80%
send	sent	sent	envoyer / expédier	80%
set	set	set	fixer / établir	80%
sew	sewed	sewn	coudre / assembler	15%
shake	shook	shaken	secouer / trembler	30%
shear	sheared	shorn	tondre (moutons)	10%
shed	shed	shed	perdre (poils, feuilles) / verser	10%
shine	shone	shone	briller / rayonner	20%
shoe	shod	shod	chausser / ferrer	10%
shoot	shot	shot	tirer / photographier	30%
show	showed	shown	montrer / présenter	50%
shut	shut	shut	fermer / clore	25%
sing	sang	sung	chanter / interpréter	30%
sink	sank	sunk	couler / sombrer	25%
sit	sat	sat	s'asseoir / siéger	80%
slay	slew	slain	tuer / assassiner	10%
sleep	slept	slept	dormir / sommeiller	50%
slide	slid	slid	glisser / déraper	20%
slit	slit	slit	fendre / inciser	15%
smell	smelt/smelled	smelt/smelled	sentir / flairer	25%
sow	sowed	sown	semer / planter	10%
speak	spoke	spoken	parler / s'exprimer	95%
speed	sped	sped	accélérer / se dépêcher	20%
spell	spelt	spelt	épeler / orthographier	20%
spend	spent	spent	dépenser / passer (temps)	80%
spill	spilt	spilt	renverser / répandre	15%
spin	spun	spun	tourner / filer (laine)	20%
spit	spat/spit	spat/spit	cracher / expectorer	10%
split	split	split	diviser / séparer	20%
spoil	spoilt	spoilt	gâter / abîmer	15%
spread	spread	spread	étaler / diffuser	25%
spring	sprang	sprung	jaillir / bondir	15%
stand	stood	stood	se tenir debout / supporter	80%
steal	stole	stolen	voler / dérober	30%
stick	stuck	stuck	coller / adhérer	25%
sting	stung	stung	piquer / brûler	15%
stink	stank	stunk	puer / sentir mauvais	10%
stride	strode	stridden	marcher à grandes enjambées	10%
strike	struck	struck	frapper / heurter	30%
strive	strove	striven	s'efforcer / lutter	15%
swear	swore	sworn	jurer / promettre	25%
sweep	swept	swept	balayer / nettoyer	20%
swell	swelled	swollen	gonfler / enfler	15%
swim	swam	swum	nager / traverser à la nage	25%
swing	swung	swung	se balancer / osciller	15%
take	took	taken	prendre / saisir	95%
teach	taught	taught	enseigner / instruire	95%
tear	tore	torn	déchirer / arracher	25%
tell	told	told	raconter / informer	95%
think	thought	thought	penser / réfléchir	95%
throw	threw	thrown	lancer / jeter	50%
thrust	thrust	thrust	enfoncer / pousser	10%
tread	trod	trodden	marcher sur / piétiner	10%
undergo	underwent	undergone	subir / traverser	20%
understand	understood	understood	comprendre / saisir	95%
undertake	undertook	undertaken	entreprendre / se charger de	20%
upset	upset	upset	bouleverser / contrarier	15%
wake	woke	woken	réveiller / éveiller	30%
wear	wore	worn	porter (vêtements) / user	50%
weave	wove	woven	tisser / entrelacer	10%
weep	wept	wept	pleurer / verser des larmes	20%
win	won	won	gagner / remporter	80%
wind	wound	wound	enrouler / remonter (mécanisme)	15%
withdraw	withdrew	withdrawn	retirer / se retirer	25%
withhold	withheld	withheld	retenir / refuser	20%
withstand	withstood	withstood	résister à / supporter	15%
wring	wrung	wrung	tordre / essorer	10%
write	wrote	written	écrire / rédiger	95%
broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	diffuser / émettre	20%
deal (with)	dealt	dealt	traiter / gérer	25%
shrink	shrank	shrunk	rétrécir / se contracter	15%